Scientific Publications

2014

Abendroth, J., Ollodart, A., Andrews, E. S. V., Myler, P. J., Staker, B. L., Edwards, T. E., Arcus, V.L. & Grundner, C. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv2179c protein establishes a new exoribonuclease family with broad phylogenetic distribution. Journal of Biological Chemistry (2014) 289(4): 2139-2147.

Ahmadi, O., Stringer, M. D., Black, M. A., & McCall, J. L. Influence of age and site of disease on lymph node yield in colorectal cancer. The New Zealand Medical Journal  (2014) 127 (1395): 31-40.

Ameratunga, R., Chen, C. J., Koopmans, W., Dunbar, P. R., Brewerton, M., Lloydd, R.,
Mansell, C., van Vliet, C., & Woon, S. T. Identification of germinal centres in the lymph node of a patient with hyperimmunoglobulin M syndrome associated with congenital rubella. Journal of Clinical Immunology (2014) 34(7): 796-803.

Anderson, R.J., Tang, C.W., Daniels, N.J., Compton, B.J., Hayman, C.M., Johnston, K.A., Knight, D.A., Gasser, O., Poyntz, H.C., Ferguson, P.M., Larsen, D.S., Ronchese, F., Painter, G.F., & Hermans, I.F. A self-adjuvanting vaccine induces cytotoxic T lymphocytes that suppress allergy. Nature Chemical Biology (2014) 10(11): 943-949.

Aung, H. L., Berney, M., & Cook, G. M.  Hypoxia-activated cytochrome bd expression in Mycobacterium smegmatis is cyclic AMP receptor protein dependent. Journal of Bacteriology (2014) 196(17): 3091-3097.

Bouchery, T., Kyle, R., Ronchese, F. & Le Gos, G.. The differentiation of CD4+ T-helper cell subsets in the context of helminth parasite infection. Frontiers of Immunology (2014) 5: 487.

Bulloch, E. M. M., & Kingston, R. L. Identifying protein domains by global analysis of soluble fragment data. Analytical Biochemistry (2014) 465: 53-62.

Chu, M. J. J., Hickey, A. J. R., Tagaloa, S., Zhang, L., Dare, A. J., MacDonald, J. R., Yeong, M-L., Adam, S.J., Bartlett, R. & Phillips, A. R. J. Ob/ob mouse livers show decreased oxidative phosphorylation efficiencies and anaerobic capacities after cold ischemia. PLoS ONE (2014) 9(6).

Commons, R. J., Smeesters, P. R., Proft, T., Fraser, J. D., Robins-Browne, R., & Curtis, N. Streptococcal superantigens: Categorization and clinical associations. Trends in Molecular Medicine (2014) 20(1): 48-62. [pdf]

Connor, L.M., Tang, S.C., Camberis, M., Le Gros, G. & Ronchese, F.. Helminth–conditioned dendritic cells prime CD4+ T cells to IL-4 production in vivo. Journal of Immunology (2014) 193(6): 2709-2717.

Cookson, T. V. M., Castell, A., Bulloch, E. M. M., Evans, G. L., Short, F. L., Baker, E. N., Lott, J. S.& Parker, E. J.  Alternative substrates reveal catalytic cycle and key binding events in the reaction catalysed by anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Biochemical Journal (2014) 461: (1)

Cotton, T. R., Joseph, D. D. A., Jiao, W., & Parker, E. J.  Probing the determinants of phosphorylated sugar-substrate binding for human sialic acid synthase. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Proteins and Proteomics (2014) 1844 (12): 2257-2264.

Dawes, S., Kendall, S., Baker, E.N. & Lott, J.S. Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic studies of KstR2 (keto-steroid regulatory protein) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Acta Crystallographica (2014) 70: 1643-1645.

Dunn, E. A., Roxburgh, M., Larsen, L., Smith, R. A. J., McLellan, A. D., Heikal, A., Murphy, M.P. & Cook, G. M. Incorporation of triphenylphosphonium functionality improves the inhibitory properties of phenothiazine derivatives in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry (2014) 22(19): 5320-5328.

Evans, G. L., Gamage, S. A., Bulloch, E. M. M., Baker, E. N., Denny, W. A., & Lott, J. S.  Repurposing the chemical scaffold of the anti-arthritic drug Lobenzarit to target tryptophan biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. ChemBioChem (2014) 15(6): 852-864.

Feisst, V., Brooks, A. E., Chen, C. -J., & Dunbar, P. R. (2014). Characterization of mesenchymal progenitor cell populations directly derived from human dermis. Stem Cells and Development (2014) 23(6): 631-642. [pdf]

Flanagan, J. U., & Shepherd, P. R. Structure, function and inhibition of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase p110α enzyme. Biochemical Society Transactions (2014) 42(1): 120-124.

Flanagan, J. U., Atwell, G. J., Heinrich, D. M., Brooke, D. G., Silva, S., Rigoreau, L. J. M., Trivier, E., Turnbull, A.P., Raynham, T., Jamieson, S.M.F. & Denny, W. A. Morpholylureas are a new class of potent and selective inhibitors of the type 5 17-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (AKR1C3). Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry (2014) 22(3): 967-977.

Furkert, D. P., Breitenbach, B., Juen, L., Sroka, I., Pantin, M., & Brimble, M. A. Nonsymmetrical azocarbonamide carboxylates as effective Mitsunobu reagents. European Journal of Organic Chemistry (2014) 2014(35): 7806-7809.

Gebhard, S., Busby, J. N., Fritz, G., Moreland, N. J., Cook, G. M., Lott, J. S., Baker, E.N. & Money, V. A. Crystal structure of PhnF, a GntR-family transcriptional regulator of phosphate transport in Mycobacterium smegmatis. Journal of Bacteriology (2014) 196(19): 3472-3481.

Gibbins, J.D., Ancelet, L.R., Weinkove, R., Compton, B.J., Painter, G.F., Petersen, T.R. & Hermans, I.F. An autologous leukemia cell vaccine prevents murine acute leukemia relapse after cytarabine treatment. Blood (2014) 124(19): 2953.

Gingell, J. J., Burns, E. R., & Hay, D. L.  Activity of Pramlintide, Rat and Human Amylin but not Aβ1-42 at Human Amylin Receptors. Endocrinology (2014) 155(1): 21-26.

Guise, C. P., Mowday, A. M., Ashoorzadeh, A., Yuan, R., Lin, W. H., Wu, D. H., Smaill, J. B., Patterson, A. V., & Ding, K. Bioreductive prodrugs as cancer therapeutics: Targeting tumor hypoxia. Chinese Journal of Cancer (2014) 33(2): 80-86.

Harris, P. W. R., Kowalczyk, R., Yang, S. H., Williams, G. M., & Brimble, M. A. An important side reaction using the thiol, 3,6-dioxa-1,8-octanedithiol (DODT), in 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-based solid phase peptide synthesis. Journal of Peptide Science (2014) 20(3): 186-190.

Harris, P. W. R., Yang, S. H., Molina, A., Lõpez, G., Middleditch, M., & Brimble, M. A. Plant antimicrobial peptides snakin-1 and snakin-2: Chemical synthesis and insights into the disulfide connectivity. Chemistry - A European Journal (2014) 20(17): 5102-5110.

Harris, P. W., Hampe, L., Radjainia, M., Brimble, M. A., & Mitra, A. K. An investigation of the role of the adiponectin variable domain on the stability of the collagen-like domain. Biopolymers (2014) 101(4): 313-321.

Harris, P., Molenaar, G. T., Amso, Z., Savage, G. P., & Brimble, M. A. An efficient Fmoc solid-phase synthesis of an amphiphile of the neuroprotective agent glycyl-prolyl-glutamic acid. Synlett (2014) 25(15): 2221-2224.

Harris, P.W.R., Hampe, Radjainia, L.M., Brimble, M.A. & Mitra, A.K. An investigation of the role of the adiponectin variable domain on the stability of the collagen-like domain. Biopolymers (Peptide Science) (2014) 102: 313-321.

Hartman, T., Weinrick, B., Vilchèze, C., Berney, M., Tufariello, J., Cook, G. M., & Jacobs, W. R., Jr.  Succinate dehydrogenase is the regulator of respiration in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. PLoS Pathogens (2014) 10(11).

Hay, D. L., Harris, P. W. R., Kowalczyk, R., Brimble, M. A., Rathbone, D. L., Barwell, J. & Poyner, D. R.  Structure-activity relationships of the N-terminus of calcitonin gene-related peptide: Key roles of alanine-5 and threonine-6 in receptor activation. British Journal of Pharmacology (2014) 171(2): 415-426.

Heikal, A., Nakatani, Y., Dunn, E., Weimar, M. R., Day, C. L., Baker, E. N., Lott, J. S., Sazanov, L. A., & Cook, G. M. Structure of the bacterial type II NADH dehydrogenase: A monotopic membrane protein with an essential role in energy generation. Molecular Microbiology (2014) 91(5): 950-964.

Huang, A., Baker, E.N. & Loomes, K.M.  Use of a novel micro-titration protocol to obtain diffraction quality crystals of 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase from Bos taurus. Acta Crystallographica Section F: Structural Biology Communications (2014) 70: 1546-1549.

Hume, P. A., Furkert, D. P., & Brimble, M. A.  Total synthesis of virgatolide b via exploitation of intramolecular hydrogen bonding. Journal of Organic Chemistry (2014) 79(11): 5269-5281.

Jamieson, S.M.F., Gu, Y., Manesh, D.M., El-Hoss, J., Jing, D., Mackenzie, K.L., Guise, C.P., Foehrenbacher, A., Pullen, S., Benito, J., Smaill, J.B., Patterson, A.V., Mulaw, M.A., Konopleva, M., Bohlander, S.K., Lock, R.B. & Wilson, W.R., A novel fluorometric assay for aldo-keto reductase 1C3 predicts metabolic activation of the nitrogen mustard prodrug PR-104A in human leukaemia cells. Biochemical Pharmacology (2014) 88(1): 36-45.

Joseph, D. D. A., Jiao, W., Kessans, S. A., & Parker, E. J. Substrate-mediated control of the conformation of an ancillary domain delivers a competent catalytic site for N-acetylneuraminic acid synthase. Proteins: Structure, Function and Bioinformatics (2014) 82(9): 2054-2066.

Jüllig, M., Yip, S., Xu, A., Smith, G., Middleditch, M., Booth, M., Babor, R., Beban, G. & Murphy, R.  Lower Fetuin-A, retinol binding protein 4 and several metabolites after gastric bypass compared to sleeve gastrectomy in patients with type 2 diabetes. PLoS ONE (2014) 9(5): e96489.

Jung, J., Bashiri, G., Johnston, J. M., Brown, A. S., Ackerley, D. F., & Baker, E. N. Crystal structure of the essential mycobacterium tuberculosis phosphopantetheinyl transferase PptT, solved as a fusion protein with maltose binding protein. Journal of Structural Biology (2014) 188(3): 274-278.

Kamalov, M., Harris, P. W. R., Cooper, G. J. S., & Brimble, M. A. Site-specific cross-linking of collagen peptides by lysyl advanced glycation endproducts. Chemical Communications (2014) 50(38): 4944-4946.[pdf]

Kamalov, M., Yang, S., Harris, P. W. R., Cooper, G. J. S., & Brimble, M. A.  Expedient synthesis of peptides containing Nε- carboxymethyllysine. Synlett (2014) 25(13): 1835-1838.

Kang, H. J., Paterson, N. G., Kim, C. U., Middleditch, M., Chang, C., Ton-That, H., & Baker, E. N.  A slow-forming isopeptide bond in the structure of the major pilin SpaD from Corynebacterium diphtheriae has implications for pilus assembly. Acta Crystallographica Section D: Biological Crystallography (2014) 70(5): 1190-1201.

Kaur, H., Heapy, A. M., Kowalczyk, R., Amso, Z., Watson, M., Cornish, J., & Brimble, M. A.  Synthesis and biological evaluation of the osteoblast proliferating cyclic peptides dianthins G and H. Tetrahedron (2014) 70(42): 7788-7794.

Kendall, J. D., Marshall, A. J., Giddens, A. C., Tsang, K. Y., Boyd, M., Frédérick, R., Lill, C.L., Woo-Jeong, L., Kolekar, S., Chaor, M., Malik, A., Yu, S., Chaussade, C., Buchanan, C., Rewcastle, G.W., Baguley, B.C., Flanagan, J.U., Denny, W.A. & Shepherd, P. R.  Novel pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines as PI3K inhibitors: Variation of the central linker group. MedChemComm (2014) 5(1): 41-46.

Kowalczyk, R., Brimble, M. A., Tomabechi, Y., Fairbanks, A. J., Fletcher, M., & Hay, D. L.  Convergent chemoenzymatic synthesis of a library of glycosylated analogues of pramlintide: Structure-activity relationships for amylin receptor agonism. Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry (2014) 12(41): 8142-8151. [pdf]

Kwon, H., Squire, C.J., Young, P.G. & Baker, E.N. Autocatalytically-generated Thr-Gln ester bond crosslinks stabilize the repetitive Ig-domain shaft of a bacterial cell-surface adhesin. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2014) 111: 1367-1372.

Lagautriere, T., Bashiri, G., Paterson, N. G., Berney, M., Cook, G. M., & Baker, E. N.  Characterization of the proline-utilization pathway in Mycobacterium tuberculosis through structural and functional studies. Acta Crystallographica Section D: Biological Crystallography (2014) 70(4): 968-980. [pdf]

Li, Y., Mortuza, R., Milligan, D. L., Tran, S. L., Strych, U., Cook, G. M., & Krause, K. L. Investigation of the essentiality of glutamate racemase in mycobacterium smegmatis. Journal of Bacteriology (2014) 196(24): 4239-4244.

Linke-Winnebeck, C., Paterson, N. G., Young, P. G., Middleditch, M. J., Greenwood, D. R., Witte, G., & Baker, E. N.  Structural model for covalent adhesion of the Streptococcus pyogenes pilus through a thioester bond. Journal of Biological Chemistry (2014) 289(1): 177-189.

Low, Y. S., Bircham, P. W., Maass, D. R., & Atkinson, P. H. Kinetochore genes are required to fully activate secretory pathway expansion in S. cerevisiae under induced ER stress. Molecular BioSystems (2014) 10(7): 1790-1802.

McIntosh, J. D., Manning, K., Chokshi, S., Naoumov, N. V., Fraser, J. D., Dunbar, P. R., & Taylor, J. A. An engineered non-toxic superantigen increases cross presentation of hepatitis B virus nucleocapsids by human dendritic cells. PLoS One (2014) 9(4): e93598.

Moreland, N. J., Waddington, C. S., Williamson, D. A., Sriskandan, S., Smeesters, P. R., Proft, T., Street, A.C., Walker, M.J., Baker, E.N., Baker, M.G., Dunbar, R., Carapetis, J., & Fraser, J. D. Working towards a group A streptococcal vaccine: report of a collaborative Trans-Tasman workshop. Vaccine (2014) 32(30): 3713-3720.

Nazmi, A. R., Schofield, L. R., Dobson, R. C. J., Jameson, G. B., & Parker, E. J. Destabilization of the homotetrameric assembly of 3-deoxy-d-arabino- heptulosonate-7-phosphate synthase from the hyperthermophile pyrococcus furiosus enhances enzymatic activity. Journal of Molecular Biology (2014) 426(3): 656-673.

Neal, M. L., Cooling, M. T., Smith, L. P., Thompson, C. T., Sauro, H. M., Carlson, B. E., Cook, D. L. & Gennari, J. H. A reappraisal of how to build modular, reusable models of biological systems. PLoS Computational Biology (2014) 10(10): e1003849.

Neumann, S., Burkert, K., Kemp, R., Rades, T., Dunbar, P. R., & Hook, S. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is not a feature of all particulate vaccine adjuvants. Immunology and Cell Biology (2014) 92(6): 535-542.

Nyanhanda, T., Gould, E.M., McGhie, T., Shaw, O.M., Harper, J.L., & Hurst, R.D. Blackcurrant polyphenolic cultivar extracts suppress CCL26 secretion from alveolar epithelial cells. Food and Function (2014) 26 5(4): 671-7. [pdf]

Ochiai, S., Roediger, B., Abtin, A., Shklovskaya, E., Fazekas de St Groth, B., Yamane, H., Weninger, W., Le Gros, G. & Ronchese, F.. CD326loCD103loCD11blo dermal dendritic cells are activated by Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin during contact sensitization in mice. Journal of Immunology (2014) 193(5): 2504-2511.

Park, S. M., Angel, C. E., McIntosh, J. D., Brooks, A. E., Middleditch, M., Chen, C. J., Ruggiero, K., Cebon, J., & Dunbar, P. R. Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase is expressed by CD68+ cells on the parenchymal side of marginal reticular cells in human lymph nodes. European Journal of Immunology (2014) 44(8): 2425-2436.

Park, S. M., Angel, C. E., McIntosh, J. D., Mansell, C. M., Chen, C. J., Cebon, J., & Dunbar, P. R. Mapping the distinctive populations of lymphatic endothelial cells in different zones of human lymph nodes. PLoS One (2014) 9(4): e94781.

Parker, H. A., Magon, N. J., Green, J. N., Hampton, M. B., & Winterbourn, C. C.  Analysis of neutrophil bactericidal activity. Methods in Molecular Biology (2014) 1124: 291-306.

Patrick, W. M., & Gerth, M. L. ITCHY: Incremental truncation for the creation of hybrid enzymes. Methods in Molecular Biology (2014) 1179: 225-244. [pdf]

Petersen, T. R., Knight, D. A., Tang, C. W., Osmond, T. L., & Hermans, I. F. Batf3-independent langerin-CX3CR1-CD8α +splenic DCs represent a precursor for classical cross-presenting CD8α +DCs. Journal of Leukocyte Biology (2014) 96(6): 1001-1010.

Pham, T., Loiselle, D., Power, A., & Hickey, A. J. R. Mitochondrial inefficiencies and anoxic ATP hydrolysis capacities in diabetic rat heart. American Journal of Physiology - Cell Physiology (2014) 307(6): C499-C507.

Prendergast, K.A., Osmond, T.L., Ochiai, S., Hermans, I.F. & Kirman, J.R. Sustained in vivo depletion of splenic langerin+ CD8<alpha>+ dendritic cells is well-tolerated by lang-DTREGFP mice. Journal of Immunological Methods (2014) 406: 104-109. [pdf]

Rattanapak, T., Birchall, J. C., Young, K., Kubo, A., Fujimori, S., Ishii, M., & Hook, S.  Dynamic visualization of dendritic cell-antigen interactions in the skin following transcutaneous immunization. PLoS ONE (2014) 9(2): e89503.

Schünemann, K., Furkert, D. P., Choi, E. C., Connelly, S., Fraser, J. D., Sperry, J., & Brimble, M. A. Synthesis of the 2-methylene analogue of the HRV 3C protease inhibitor thysanone (2-carbathysanone). Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry (2014) 12(6): 905-912.

Schünemann, K., Furkert, D. P., Connelly, S., Fraser, J. D., Sperry, J., & Brimble, M. A. Iridium-catalysed C-H borylation facilitates a total synthesis of the HRV 3C protease inhibitor (±)-thysanone. Synlett (2014) 25(4): 556-558.

Shaw, O.M., Pool, B., Dalbeth, N. & Harper, J.L. The effect of diet-induced obesity on the inflammatory phenotype of non-adipose-resident macrophages in an in vivo model of gout. Rheumatology (2014) 53(10): 1901-1905.

Shaw, O.M., Steiger, S., Liu, X., Hamilton, J.A., ^ Harper, J.L. Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating factor drives monosodium urate monohydrate crystal-induced inflammatory macrophage differentiation and NLRP3 inflammasome up-regulation in an in vivo mouse model. Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014) 66(9): 2423-2428.

Sheppard HM, Verdon D, Brooks AE, Feisst V, Ho YY, Lorenz N, Fan V, Birch NP, Didsbury A, Dunbar PR. MicroRNA regulation in human CD8+ T cell subsets - cytokine exposure alone drives miR-146a expression. Journal of Translational Medicine (2014) 12(1):292-303.

Smith, G.C., McEwen, H., Steinberg, J.D. & Shepherd, P. R. The activation of the Akt/PKB signalling pathway in the brains of clozapine-exposed rats is linked to hyperinsulinemia and not a direct drug effect. Psychopharmacology (2014) 231(23): 4553-4560.

Son, S. J., Harris, P. W. R., Squire, C. J., Baker, E. N., Kent, S. B. H., & Brimble, M. A.  Total chemical synthesis of an Orf virus protein, ORFV002, an inhibitor of the master gene regulator NF-κB. Biopolymers (2014) 102(2): 137-144.

Steemson, J. D., Moreland, N. J., Williamson, D., Morgan, J., Carter, P. E., & Proft, T.  Survey of the bp/tee genes from clinical group A streptococcus isolates in New Zealand - Implications for vaccine development. Journal of Medical Microbiology (2014) 63: 1670-1678.

Steemson, J. D., Baake, M., Rakonjac, J., Arcus, V.L., & Liddament, M.T. Tracking molecular recognition at the atomic level with a new protein scaffold based on the OB-fold. PLoS ONE (2014) 9(1): e86050.

Williams, E. M., Copp, J. N., & Ackerley, D. F.  Site-saturation mutagenesis by overlap extension. Methods in Molecular Biology (2014) 1179: 83-101.

Williamson, D. A., Mills, G., Johnson, J. R., Porter, S., & Wiles, S. In vivo correlates of molecularly inferred virulence among extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) in the wax moth Galleria mellonella model system. Virulence (2014) 5(3): 388-393.

Williamson, D. A., Monecke, S., Heffernan, H., Ritchie, S. R., Roberts, S. A., Upton, A.,  & Fraser, J. D. High usage of topical fusidic acid and rapid clonal expansion of fusidic acid-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A cautionary tale. Clinical Infectious Diseases (2014) 59(10): 1451-1454.

Williamson, D. A., Moreland, N. J., Carter, P., Upton, A., Morgan, J., Proft, T., Lennon, D., Baker, M.G., Dunbar, R. & Fraser, J. D. Molecular epidemiology of group a streptococcus from pharyngeal isolates in Auckland, New Zealand, 2013. New Zealand Medical Journal (2014) 127(1388): 55-60.

Yeung, H., Harris, P. W. R., Squire, C. J., Baker, E. N., & Brimble, M. A. Preparation of truncated orf virus entry fusion complex proteins by chemical synthesis. Journal of Peptide Science (2014) 20(6): 398-405.

Yin, Y. D., Fu, M., Brooke, D. G., Heinrich, D. M., Denny, W. A., & Jamieson, S. M. F. The activity of SN33638, an inhibitor of AKR1C3, on testosterone and 17β-estradiol production and function in castration-resistant prostate cancer and ER-positive breast cancer. Frontiers in Oncology (2014) 4: 159.

Young Jeong, J., Sperry, J., Taylor, J. A., & Brimble, M. A. Synthesis and evaluation of 9-deoxy analogues of (-)-thysanone, an inhibitor of HRV 3C protease. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2014) 87: 220-227.

Young, P. G., Proft, T., Harris, P. W. R., Brimble, M. A., & Baker, E. N.  Structure and activity of Streptococcus pyogenes SipA: A signal peptidase-like protein essential for pilus polymerisation. PLoS ONE (2014) 9(6).

Young, P. G., Moreland, N. J., Loh, J. M., Bell, A., Atatoa-Carr, P., Proft, T. & Baker, E. N. Structural conservation, variability and immunogenicity of the T6 backbone pilin of serotype M6 Streptococcus pyogenes. Infection and Immunity (2014) 82: 2949-2957.

Zhang, S., Liu, H.,  Amarsingh, G.,  Cheung, C.,  Hogl, S., Narayanan, U., Zhang, L.,  McHarg, S.,  Xu, J.,  Gong, D.,  Kennedy, J., Barry, B., Soon Choong, Y., Phillips, A. R., Cooper, G. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is associated with defective myocellular copper regulation and both defects are rectified by divalent copper chelation. Cardiovascular Diabetology (2014) 13(1): 100. 

Zhang, S., Liu, H., Chuang, C.L., Li, X., Au, M., Zhang, L., Phillips, A.R., Scott, D.W., & Cooper, G.J. The pathogenic mechanism of diabetes varies with the degree of overexpression and oligomerization of human amylin in the pancreatic islet β cells. The FASEB Journal (2014) 28(12): 5083-5096.